1. Appendectomy

Description: An appendectomy is the surgical removal of the appendix. This procedure is commonly performed to treat appendicitis, which is an inflammation of the appendix. Method: It can be done as an open surgery with a single large incision or laparoscopically with several smaller incisions.

2. Cholecystectomy

Description: A cholecystectomy is the removal of the gallbladder, often due to gallstones causing pain or infection. Method: This can also be performed either as an open surgery or laparoscopically.

3. Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)

Description: CABG is a type of heart surgery that improves blood flow to the heart. It is used for patients with severe coronary artery disease. Method: The surgeon takes a healthy artery or vein from another part of the body and connects it to bypass the blocked coronary arteries.

4. Mastectomy

Description: A mastectomy involves the removal of one or both breasts, partially or completely. It is typically performed to treat or prevent breast cancer. Method: There are several types of mastectomy, including total, modified radical, and radical mastectomies.

5. Hysterectomy

Description: A hysterectomy is the removal of the uterus. This surgery can be performed for various reasons, including uterine fibroids, endometriosis, or cancer. Method: The procedure can be done through the abdomen, vagina, or laparoscopically.

6. Joint Replacement

Description: Joint replacement surgery involves removing a damaged joint and replacing it with a prosthesis. Common joints replaced include hips and knees. Method: This is generally done through open surgery.

7. C-section (Cesarean Section)

Description: A C-section is the surgical delivery of a baby through incisions in the mother's abdomen and uterus. It is performed when a vaginal delivery would put the baby or mother at risk. Method: It is usually planned in advance or performed in emergency situations.

8. Tonsillectomy

Description: A tonsillectomy is the removal of the tonsils, often due to recurrent infections or breathing problems. Method: This is typically done through the mouth, using special surgical tools.

9. Cataract Surgery

Description: Cataract surgery involves removing the clouded lens of the eye and replacing it with an artificial lens. Method: It is usually performed using phacoemulsification, where the lens is broken up with ultrasound waves and removed.

10. Hernia Repair

Description: Hernia repair surgery corrects a hernia, which is when an organ or tissue protrudes through a weak spot in the abdominal wall. Method: This can be done as open surgery or laparoscopically, depending on the hernia's size and location.